Roulette lab · Lab · Physics · 7 minute

Physics a di roulette ball

One likkle ball pon a track shape like a cone, an only speed a hold it up.

Short ansa

A roulette ball stay pon di track as long as di tilt a di track can gi it di centripetal force it need. Wen it slow dung unda a certain speed, it roll dung di apron, lick a deflector an scatter.

wah it mek outta
ivorine / Teflon
diameter
18–21 mm
drop speed
di track angle set it
weight
a few gram

Di ball

Long time dem did mek it outta ivory, den ivorine (a kind a celluloid), an now most time Teflon or a plastic like dat, 18 to 21 mm cross, a few gram. Casino keep nuff size an change dem, cause a smaller, lighter ballgearBallDi likkle ball weh di dealer fling roun di track di opposite way to di rotor. Modern ball mek outta ivorine or Teflon, 18–21 mm.Read di whole ting → bounce more pon di fretgearFretDi metal divider between two pocket pon di wheel (di likkle wall between pocket).Read di whole ting → an scatter wider, an dat good fi di house. Di ball cyaan magnetic, an dem check seh it round good; a ball weh nuh round drop early an wild.

Calipers check if di ball round; di magnet show seh it nuh magnetic.

Pon di track

Pon a roun track weh tilt, di ball need a centripetal force mv²/r fi keep turnin. Di track wall gi it dat force while di ball fast. As di ball slow dung, di force it need drop, till di part a gravity weh pull inward dung di tilt more dan wah di shape can hold, an di ball roll off. Di critical speed depend only pon di radius an di angle a di track, suh pon one wheel di drop speed nearly di same fram spin to spin, normally 1 to 1.3 m/s.

pon di trackwah a happenwah it mean
fast lapdi wall gi di centripetal force; friction an drag slow di balllap time get longa inna a way yuh can predict
a slow dungdi centripetal force it need a drop toward wah gravity can gidi drop a come
critical speeddi part a gravity dung di tilt more dan wah di track can holddi ball lef di track
apronit roll inward unda gravityit a head fi a deflector
Pon di track di ball slow dung roughly like v′ = −(a + b·v): one friction part weh nuh change, an one drag part weh go up wid di speed.

Ow it slow dung

Rollin friction tek weh energy at a rate weh roughly nuh change; air drag tek weh more wen di ball faster. Togedda dem mek evry lap a likkle longa dan di las one, by a amount yuh can predict. If yuh measure two or tree lap time one afta di odda, yuh can work out di friction an drag numba dem an figure out pon which lap di ball wi drop. Pon a clean wheel dat guess good to a few tenth a second; a dat timin predictor dem measure, an di deceleration page show di maths.

Di scatter

Afta it lef di track, di ball cross di aprongearApronDi slope part between di ball track an di pocket dem, weh di deflector dem deh.Read di whole ting → an most time it lick one a di eight deflectorgearDeflectorOne a di metal block dem pon di apron weh scatter di ball wen it a drop. Nex name: canoe, diamond, pin.Read di whole ting →. Which one, an at wah angle, decide if it land near di “drop pocketgearPocketOne a di 37 compartment wid numba pon di rotor. Nex name: slot, cup.Read di whole ting →” or one quarter a di wheel weh. Den it bounce cross di fret dem, sometime it jump back out a one pocket it did go inna already. Dem measure scatter fi evry wheel as a distribution a di final pocket compare to di pocket unda di drop point; pon modern wheel it normally cover 10 to 15 pocket pon each side, an some wheel show two or tree peak cause certain deflector get lick more often.

Example scatter: final pocket compare to di drop pocket% a spin
−15 an lower
6%
−10 to −14
9%
−5 to −9
14%
−1 to −4
17%
0 (di drop pocket)
6%
+1 to +4
17%
+5 to +9
14%
+10 to +14
10%
+15 an up
7%
% a spin
08.5017%
Wi mek up dis shape, but it normal. Dem measure real distribution fi evry wheel, evry ball, evry direction, an it change as di wheel wear.

Wah dis mean fi di playa

Evryting up to di drop, yuh can know it inna theory, but it nuh useful inna practice widout equipment an late bet. Evryting afta di drop design so nobaddy cyaan know it. Suh di result dem a dis game random, nuh cause di physics random, but cause di information yuh need fi predict dem get mash up between di track an di pocket.

Question dem

A heavier ball change di odds?

Nuh di odds. It change di scatter: heavier ball bounce less an settle quicker.

Why casino change ball?

Fi beat anybaddy weh set up a predictor fi one ball, an cause ball wear out.

Di ball can jump outta di wheel?

Nuh often, if dem launch it hard or di track wear out. Den di spin nuh count.

Sumting fi laugh

Speed hold it up. Friction bring it dung. Design scatter it.

Speed hold it up. Friction bring it dung. Design scatter it.

Source dem

  1. Small, M. & Tse, C. K. “Predicting the outcome of roulette.” Chaos 22(3), 2012.
  2. Bass, T. A. The Eudaemonic Pie. Houghton Mifflin, 1985.
wi check it 2026-09-28model: European wheel, single zeroow wi work it out ↗source dem ↗